{"id":4216,"date":"2020-10-06T16:13:34","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T14:13:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/?page_id=4216"},"modified":"2020-10-08T16:45:06","modified_gmt":"2020-10-08T14:45:06","slug":"self-efficacy-self-determination","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/self-efficacy-self-determination\/","title":{"rendered":"Self-efficacy \/ self-determination"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='clear'><\/div><div id='sub_menu1'  class='av-submenu-container main_color  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  av-sticky-submenu  container_wrap fullsize' style='  z-index:301' ><div class='container av-menu-mobile-disabled '><ul id='av-custom-submenu-1' class='av-subnav-menu av-submenu-pos-right'>\n<li class='menu-item menu-item-top-level  menu-item-top-level-1'><a href='https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/' ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>GLOSSARY<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class='sticky_placeholder'><\/div><div id='after_submenu'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4216'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_submenu  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_three_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  glossa-dettaglio \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  av_inherit_color '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Self-efficacy <\/strong><strong>(self-determination)<br \/>\n<\/strong>Alessia Passanisi<br \/>\nKore University of Enna<\/p>\n<p>The concept of self-efficacy refers to an individual&#8217;s belief in his or her own ability to organize and implement the course of action necessary to properly manage the situations he or she encounters in a way that would achieve the desired results. People\u2019s belief in their own efficacy influence the way they think, feel, find personal motivations and act (Bandura, 1986). Successful personal experiences convey and consolidate a sense of self-efficacy, as do vicarious experiences \u2013 educational experiences in which individuals generally tend to reiterate their behaviour through indirect and direct adult influences (Bandura, 1997) \u2013 as well as people\u2019s ability to evaluate their emotional states and personal resources.<br \/>\nSelf-efficacy conveys cognitive, affective and social processes. It affects the motivational aspects of individuals as well as the processes through which they make choices, self-determine and engage in personal self-management. Thus, self-efficacy as a concept is closely connected to the recognition of a person\u2019s ability to make autonomous and independent choices, i.e. self-determination. In other words, people with high levels of self-efficacy are capable of acting and making choices in a variety of contexts (Bandura, 1994). In relation to this point, the literature suggests that beliefs of self-efficacy positively influence well-being and may reduce dysfunctional emotional states, stress, and anxious and depressive emotional states. It is a multifactorial concept that influences a person\u2019s life as a whole in that it affects lifestyles, skills and values (Bandura, 1997).<br \/>\nIn particular, the concept of social self-efficacy (<em>Ibid<\/em>) refers to the individual\u2019s awareness of being able to master specific activities, situations or aspects of his or her psychosocial functioning. People with high levels of social self-efficacy face difficult tasks head on, viewing them as challenges to tackle rather than threats to avoid. Social self-efficacy also promotes intrinsic interest and deep involvement in activities and produces high levels of commitment, increasing and supporting personal efforts to avoid failure (Bandura, 1994). The literature also suggests that this concept may often influence the development of <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/social-ethnic-identity\/\">ethnic identity<\/a> in some way (Smith et al., 1999). Specifically, a recent study suggests that both ethnic identity and self-efficacy may constitute <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/protection-factor\/\">protective factors<\/a> in development, as they aid in giving shape to a positive self-image (Maffini &amp; Kim-Ju, 2018).<br \/>\nIn the RE-SERVES project, the analysis of the self-efficacy of foreign <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/unaccompanied-foreign-minors-ufm\/\">minors<\/a> and adolescents is fundamental for mapping the protective factors related to their social and educational adaptation process.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Selected references<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bandura, A. (1986). The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. Journal of social and clinical psychology, 4<em>(<\/em>3), 359-373.<\/p>\n<p>Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). Academic Press.<\/p>\n<p>Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. W. H. Freeman.<\/p>\n<p>Maffini, C. S., &amp; Kim-Ju, G. M. (2018). Fighting and bullying among Asian Americans and Latinos: Testing the roles of self-efficacy, ethnic identity, and ethnicity. Youth &amp; Society, 50(8), 1019-1036.<\/p>\n<p>Smith, E. P., Walker, K., Fields, L., Brookins, C. C., &amp; Seay, R. C. (1999). Ethnic identity and its relationship to self-esteem, perceived efficacy and prosocial attitudes in early adolescence. Journal of adolescence<em>, 22<\/em>, 867-880.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  av_inherit_color '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>How to cite this text<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>Passanisi, A. (2020). Self-efficacy (self-determination). In M. Milana &amp; P. Perillo (Cur.) RE-SERVES Project: Glossary. <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\">https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves <\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3042,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4216"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4216"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4216\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4386,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4216\/revisions\/4386"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}