{"id":4250,"date":"2020-10-07T17:04:39","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T15:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/?page_id=4250"},"modified":"2020-10-08T16:51:30","modified_gmt":"2020-10-08T14:51:30","slug":"risk-factor","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/risk-factor\/","title":{"rendered":"Risk factor"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='clear'><\/div><div id='sub_menu1'  class='av-submenu-container main_color  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  av-sticky-submenu  container_wrap fullsize' style='  z-index:301' ><div class='container av-menu-mobile-disabled '><ul id='av-custom-submenu-1' class='av-subnav-menu av-submenu-pos-right'>\n<li class='menu-item menu-item-top-level  menu-item-top-level-1'><a href='https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/' ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>GLOSSARY<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class='sticky_placeholder'><\/div><div id='after_submenu'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4250'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_submenu  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_three_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  glossa-dettaglio \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  av_inherit_color '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Risk factor<br \/>\n<\/strong>Ugo Pace<br \/>\nKore University of Enna<\/p>\n<p>Risk factors refer to those variables that may impede the coping processes of adolescents who are also engaged in achieving evolutionary tasks. In other words, risk factors are the variables that hinder a person\u2019s process of resilience in that they counteract the effect of protective factors, thus impeding evolutionary needs.<br \/>\nIn addition, the literature stresses that experienced trauma is responsible for serious short- and long-term emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression as well as post-traumatic stress disorder (Kinzie, 1989; Blair &amp; Coles, 2000).<br \/>\nViewed through the lens of an ecological model in the study of development, other risk factors may also influence the adolescent\u2019s adaptation. In fact, although published findings appear to be debatable, foreign children whose parents are divorced are more likely to exhibit psychological symptoms than those whose parents are still married. In addition, other children whose mothers reported coping difficulties or conflicts reported high levels of psychological distress (Tozer et al., 2018). The risk factors related to the adolescents\u2019 coping include inadequate institutional support as well as perceived discrimination, and both of these are variables related to and predictive of psychopathologies such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (e.g., Mollica et al., 2001).<br \/>\nIn general, therefore, mental health is a risk factor related to the coping of adolescents arriving in a new country. At the same time, victimization is also a risk factor for social adaptation because it negatively influences the young person\u2019s sense of self-esteem and deeper aspects of the self (e.g. Tozer et al., 2018). The literature also highlights the fact that <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/unaccompanied-foreign-minors-ufm\/\">foreign unaccompanied minors<\/a> generally report high levels of stress and low levels of happiness. This may inevitably have a negative effect on the emotional processes that generate the psychosocial skills necessary to both cope with the situation that adolescents experience and overcome the obstacles (e.g., linguistic, financial, social) they face in the host country. In general, it is fundamental to conduct a risk factor analysis to reinforce the monitoring of psychological well-being and preventing distress.<br \/>\nRisk factor analysis is fundamental in the RE-SERVES project for averting distress among young newcomers and outlining good educational and social practices.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Selected references<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Blair, R. J. R., &amp; Coles, M. (2000). Expression recognition and behavioural problems in early adolescence. Cognitive development<em>, 15<\/em>(4), 421-434.<\/p>\n<p>Kinzie, J. D. (1989). Therapeutic approaches to traumatized Cambodian refugees. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2(1), 75-91.<\/p>\n<p>Mollica, R. F., Sarajli\u0107, N., Chernoff, M., Lavelle, J., Vukovi\u0107, I. S., &amp; Massagli, M. P. (2001). Longitudinal study of psychiatric symptoms, disability, mortality, and emigration among Bosnian refugees. Jama, 286(5), 546-554.<\/p>\n<p>Tozer, M., Khawaja, N. G., &amp; Schweitzer, R. (2018). Protective factors contributing to wellbeing among refugee youth in Australia. Journal of psychologists and counsellors in schools, 28(1), 66-83.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>How to cite this text:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pace, U. (2020). Risk factor. In M. Milana &amp; P. Perillo (Cur.) RE-SERVES project: Glossary. <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/\">https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3042,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4250"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4250"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4395,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4250\/revisions\/4395"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}