{"id":4273,"date":"2020-10-08T12:01:16","date_gmt":"2020-10-08T10:01:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/?page_id=4273"},"modified":"2020-10-08T16:52:20","modified_gmt":"2020-10-08T14:52:20","slug":"unaccompanied-foreign-minors-ufm","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/unaccompanied-foreign-minors-ufm\/","title":{"rendered":"Unaccompanied foreign minors (UFM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='clear'><\/div><div id='sub_menu1'  class='av-submenu-container main_color  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  av-sticky-submenu  container_wrap fullsize' style='  z-index:301' ><div class='container av-menu-mobile-disabled '><ul id='av-custom-submenu-1' class='av-subnav-menu av-submenu-pos-right'>\n<li class='menu-item menu-item-top-level  menu-item-top-level-1'><a href='https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/' ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>GLOSSARY<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class='sticky_placeholder'><\/div><div id='after_submenu'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4273'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_submenu  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_three_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  glossa-dettaglio \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  av_inherit_color '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Unaccompanied foreign minors (UFM)<br \/>\n<\/strong>Marinella Muscar\u00e0<br \/>\nKore University of Enna<\/p>\n<p>In the vast majority of cases, unaccompanied foreign minors (UFM) are young people who, for the most part, embark on a migratory journey. They often arrive together with their parents but later end up alone. As outlined by Presidential Decree no. 535 of 1999, Italian law uses the formula <em>unaccompanied foreign minors present in the territory of the state<\/em> to refer to \u201ca minor with no Italian or other European Union State citizenship who has not applied for asylum and is for any reason in the national territory, without assistance or representation by parents or other adults legally responsible for him\/her according to the laws in force in the Italian legal system\u201d (own translation).<br \/>\nThe minor status of these young people suggests the <em>status quo<\/em> of adolescents, a crucial condition during which individuals develop personality and <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/social-ethnic-identity\/\">identity<\/a> and engage in social and scholastic adaptation on the basis of complex emotional memories. Therefore, in evaluating and taking care of minors, the focus should fall not only on their migration processes, but also on their identity construction and life projects. Law n. 47 of 7 April 2017 delineates measures for protecting unaccompanied foreign minors and ensures the monitoring and safeguarding of children and adolescents. In particular, this law protects the fundamental rights of minors, i.e. the right to education and training, the appointment of legal guardians, age assessment and legal identification, the right to be listened to and the right to healthcare. A thorough reception process begins from the legal and human recognition of the rights of infants in order to uncover and facilitate the achievement of UFMs\u2019 life projects.<br \/>\nTherefore, protecting unaccompanied foreign minors is crucial for a pedagogy that seeks to take care of and monitor their integrity, adaptation and social and educational well-being. It is possible to \u201ctackle\u201d the educational and social fragility of minors by enhancing the <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/protection-factor\/\">protective factors<\/a> related to UFMs\u2019 adaptive and personality development: by implementing inclusive pathways that care for and monitor the educational process as a whole, as well as by building social support nets and networks of school-work relations (e.g. Arbabi et al., 2017). A recognition of UFMs\u2019 basic needs is closely linked to their sense of autonomy and responsibility as well as planning for the future, considering the social and school context as an opportunity (Roxas &amp; Roy, 2012).<br \/>\nIn the RE-SERVES project, the <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/general-project\/wp4-incoming-migrants-and-minors\/\">incoming migrants and minors<\/a> research action focuses on analysing the needs and adaptation processes of unaccompanied foreign children and\/or adolescents.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Selected references<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Arbabi, K., Yeh, C. J., Mahmud, Z., &amp; Salleh, A. (2017). From monocultural to multicultural: Adaptation of Iranian immigrant adolescents in Malaysia. Journal of Adolescent Research, 32(3), 371-402.<\/p>\n<p>Camera dei deputati ed il Senato della Repubblica (2017). Legge n. 47 del 7 Aprile 2017. Disposizioni in materia di misure di protezione dei minori stranieri non accompagnati. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/eli\/id\/2017\/04\/21\/17G00062\/sg\">https:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/eli\/id\/2017\/04\/21\/17G00062\/sg<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri (1999). Regolamento concernente i compiti del Comitato per i minori stranieri, a norma dell&#8217;articolo 33, commi 2 e 2-bis, del decreto legislativo 25 luglio 1998, n. 286.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/atto\/serie_generale\/caricaDettaglioAtto\/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=2000-01-25&amp;atto.codiceRedazionale=000G0029&amp;elenco30giorni=false\">https:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/atto\/serie_generale\/caricaDettaglioAtto\/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=2000-01-25&amp;atto.codiceRedazionale=000G0029&amp;elenco30giorni=false<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Roxas, K., &amp; Roy, L. (2012). \u201cThat\u2019s how we roll\u201d: A case study of a recently arrived refugee student in an urban high school. The Urban Review<em>, <\/em>44<em>(<\/em>4), 468-486.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>How to cite this text:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Muscar\u00e0, M. (2020). Unaccompanied foreign minors (UFM). In M. Milana &amp; P. Perillo (Cur.) RE-SERVES project: Glossary. <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/\">https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3042,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4273"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4273"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4397,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4273\/revisions\/4397"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}