{"id":4283,"date":"2020-10-08T12:12:54","date_gmt":"2020-10-08T10:12:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/?page_id=4283"},"modified":"2020-10-08T16:36:28","modified_gmt":"2020-10-08T14:36:28","slug":"neet","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/neet\/","title":{"rendered":"NEET"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='clear'><\/div><div id='sub_menu1'  class='av-submenu-container main_color  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  av-sticky-submenu  container_wrap fullsize' style='  z-index:301' ><div class='container av-menu-mobile-disabled '><ul id='av-custom-submenu-1' class='av-subnav-menu av-submenu-pos-right'>\n<li class='menu-item menu-item-top-level  menu-item-top-level-1'><a href='https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/' ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>GLOSSARY<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class='sticky_placeholder'><\/div><div id='after_submenu'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4283'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_submenu  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_three_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  glossa-dettaglio \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  av_inherit_color '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>NEET (Not in Education, Employment, or Training)<br \/>\n<\/strong>Francesco Agrusti e Anna Aluffi Pentini<br \/>\nRoma Tre University<\/p>\n<p>NEET, the acronym for \u201cNot in Education, Employment, or Training\u201d, indicates young people in different age groups, 15-24, 15-29 or 15-34, who are not working and not engaged in formal education or training. The term NEET appeared in the UK in the late 1990s following the 1988 introduction of amendments to the legislation on unemployment benefits for young people. It is now used throughout the European Union, extending its original definition to include both the unemployed and economically and educationally inactive individuals. Although NEET is widely used in international research, the definition of this term continues to be complex, heterogeneous and problematic (Yates &amp; Payne, 2006). It is a term that defines youth by virtue of what they are not, thus running the risk of fostering a negative perception of a diverse population of young people who are experiencing different situations and hardships, especially due to the social, political, economic and cultural variables that influence the development of this phenomenon in different countries and have widened its field of analysis (Quintini et al., 2007).<br \/>\nIn light of this complexity, Eurofound (2012) has identified six factors that increase the possibility of a young person\u2019s falling into the NEET category:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>low levels of education;<\/li>\n<li>disability;<\/li>\n<li>migratory backgroundo;<\/li>\n<li>difficult family environment;<\/li>\n<li>living in remote areas;<\/li>\n<li>limited family income.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These factors must be examined at three levels: macro (the economy, educational system), meso (educational institutions, employers) and micro (the individual).<br \/>\nIn relation to Italy, the Eurostat 2018 data show that it is the European country with the highest percentage of NEETs (23.4%), i.e. young people between 15 and 29 years of age who are not working, studying or training. This is a very complex and heterogeneous arena in which individual and social levels intertwine, and yet it is possible to point to a common element: the risk of marginality and social exclusion (Alfieri et al., 2014).<br \/>\nThe 2020 UNICEF report, titled \u201cThe silence of NEETs\u201d, examined 41 of the richest countries in the world and found that the status of children setting off from disadvantaged conditions worsens when effective educational policies are not applied. This also holds true for Italy, and indeed the above-cited report analyzes the situation in light of the literature on this topic to identify a typology that may be defined as \u2018Mediterranean\u2019. This type is characterized on one hand by flexible employment contracts, protracted economic dependence on the family and lengthy training processes that physiologically delay the individual\u2019s entry into the world of work. On the other hand, it involves the individualization and differentiation of individual life trajectories that give rise to new forms of fragility: choosing school curricula to obtain better and higher levels of education is one of the tendencies that not only undermines NEETs\u2019 chances of entering the world of work but also impedes their access to stable employment positions imbued with a certain degree of social relevance (UNICEF, 2020).<br \/>\nAs at-risk subjects, NEETs are among the target groups of the RE-SERVES project. The project promotes the design of new educational policies and practices and the use of massive distance learning courses to improve their employability and <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/social-inclusion-exclusion\/\">inclusion<\/a> by helping them acquire specific skills and <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/glossary\/competences\/\">competences<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Selected references<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Alfieri, S., Rosina, A., Sironi, E., Marta, E., &amp; Marzana, D. (2014). Un ritratto dei giovani Neet italiani, La condizione giovanile in Italia. Rapporto Giovani 2014. Il Mulino.<\/p>\n<p>European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. (2012). NEETs, young people not in employment, education or training: Characteristics, costs and policy responses in Europe. Publ. Off. of the Europ. Union. http:\/\/www.eurofound.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/ef_files\/pubdocs\/2012\/54\/en\/1\/EF1254EN.pdf.<\/p>\n<p>Quintini, G., Martin, J. P., &amp; Martin, S. (2007). The Changing Nature of the School-toWork Transition Process in OECD Countries, in OECD Factbook 2007, Paris: OECD Publishing.<\/p>\n<p>Yates, S., &amp; Payne, M. (2006) Not so NEET? A Critique of the Use of \u2018NEET\u2019 in Setting Targets for Interventions with Young People. Journal of Youth Studies, 9(3), 329-344. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13676260600805671\">10.1080\/13676260600805671<\/a><u>.<\/u><\/p>\n<p>UNICEF. (2020). Il silenzio dei NEET. Giovani in bilico tra rinuncia e desiderio. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.it\/Allegati\/Il_silenzio_dei_NEET.pdf\">https:\/\/www.unicef.it\/Allegati\/Il_silenzio_dei_NEET.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  no_margin flex_column_div   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  \" style='background: #ffffff; padding:30px; background-color:#ffffff; border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>How to cite this text:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Agrusti, F., &amp; Aluffi Pentini, A. (2020). NEET (Not in Education, Employment, or Training). In M. Milana &amp; P. Perillo (Cur.) RE-SERVES project: Glossary. <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/\">https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3042,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4283"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4283"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4378,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4283\/revisions\/4378"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dsu.univr.it\/re-serves\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}